Water Distribution Grade 1 Certification Practice Exam

What physical condition does chlorine gas primarily cause, related to breathing difficulties?

1. Edema of the brain

2. Chest pain

3. Respiratory distress

4. Edema of the lungs

The correct answer is: Edema of the lungs

Chlorine gas, when inhaled, can lead to significant respiratory issues, primarily causing edema of the lungs, which is a condition where fluid accumulates in the lung tissue. This accumulation can result in serious breathing difficulties, as the fluid interferes with the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs. Inhalation of chlorine can irritate the respiratory tract, leading to inflammation and damage to lung tissue. The resulting edema makes it challenging for individuals to breathe normally, and they may experience symptoms such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. The severity of these symptoms can vary depending on the concentration of chlorine gas and the duration of exposure. While chest pain, respiratory distress, and even brain edema can be associated with severe respiratory conditions or exposure to toxic substances, in the context of chlorine gas specifically, the most direct and characteristic reaction concerning breathing difficulties is indeed the edema of the lungs. This aligns with the well-documented effects of chlorine as a respiratory irritant.