What is the primary method for detecting leaks in a water distribution system?

The primary method for detecting leaks in a water distribution system is acoustic monitoring. This technique involves using specialized equipment to listen for the sounds of water escaping from pipes. When a leak occurs, it creates distinct sounds that can be amplified and analyzed to locate the problem area accurately. Acoustic monitoring is particularly effective because it can detect small leaks that may not be visible or audible through other means.

In contrast, while visual inspection can identify obvious leaks and water pooling, it may not catch hidden leaks that are underground or within walls. Pressure testing is useful for determining the integrity of a system but may not specifically locate a leak. Infrared thermography detects thermal differences, which can sometimes indicate leaks, but it is less commonly used than acoustic monitoring in routine leak detection because it may not provide the precise localization that acoustic methods do. Thus, acoustic monitoring stands out as the primary method due to its effectiveness in pinpointing leaks in water distribution systems.